Tenses Bahasa Inggris

1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)

a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)

Rumus :

(+) : S + Verb-1 + s/es + O
(-)  : S + do/does + not + Verb-1 + O
(?)  : Do/does + S + Verb-1 + O ?

Contoh :

+ } Jack reads newspaper everyday.

- } Jack does not read newspaper everyday.

? } Does Jack read newspaper everyday?

Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)

Keterangan :

Untuk subjek I, We, You, They = Do

Untuk subjek He, She, It = Does

Contoh kalimat :

(+) I read this book everyday.

(+) He plays football every morning.

(-) I don't read this book everyday.

(-) He does not play football every morning.

(?) Do I read this book everyday?

(?) Does he play football every morning?

b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang)

Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.

Rumus :

(+) : S + (is,am,are) + Verb-ing + O
(-)  : S + (is,am,are) + Not + Verb-ing + O
(?)  : (is,am,are) + S + Verb-ing + O ?

Yes They are / no they are not

Keterangan:

I = am

They, we, you = are

He, She, It = Is

Contoh dalam kalimat :

(+) He is playing badminton now.

(+) I am drinking a cup of coffee now.

(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.

(-) I am not drinking a cup of coffee now.

(?) Is he playing badminton now?

(?) Am I drinking a cup of coffee now?

c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)

Rumus :

(+) : S + Have/has + Verb-3 + O
(-) : S + Have/has + Not + Verb-3 + O
(?) : Have/has + S + Verb-3 + O ?

Contoh :

(+) You have eaten my snack.

(-) She has not been to Rome.

(?) Have you finished?

d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang)

Rumus :

(+) : S + have/has + been + Ving + O
(-) : S + have/has + Not + been + Ving + O
(?) : Have/has + S + been + Ving + O?

Contoh :

(+) She has been going to Bali since evening.

(+) We have been riding a horse for five days.

(-) She hasn’t been going to Bali since evening.

(-) We haven’t been riding a horse for five days.

(?) Has she been going to Bali since evening?

(?) Have He been riding a horse for five days?

2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)

a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana)

Rumus :

(+) : S + V2 + O
(-) : S + did + Not + V-1 + O
(?) : Did + S + V1 + O?

Contoh :

+} We were at school yesterday.

-} We were not at school yesterday.

?} Were we at school yesterday ?

Keterangan:

I, He, She, It = Was

They, we, you = were

Contoh :

(+) I saw a good film last night.

(+) She came here last week.

(-) I did not see a good film last night.

(-) She did not came not last week.

(?) Did I see a good film last night?

(?) Did she come here last week?

b. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + (was/were) + Ving + O
(-) : S + (was/were) + Not + Ving + O
(?) : (was/were) + S + Ving + O ?

Contoh :

(+) He was repairing his car when I came to his house.

(+) They were talking about sport when I met him.

(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week.

(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him.

(?) Was He repairing his car when I came to his house?

(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him?

c. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + had + v3 + O
(-) : S + had + not + v3 + O
(?) : had + S + v3 + O ?

Contoh :

(+) When my brother arrived, I had painted my motor cycle.

(+) The ship had left before I arrived.

(-) When my brother arrived, I hadn’t painted my motor cycle.

(-) The ship hadn’t left before I arrived.

(?) Had I painted my motor cycle when my brother arrived?

(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + had + been + ving + O
(-) : S + had + + Not + been + ving + O
(?) : Had + S + been + ving + O ?

Contoh :

(+) They had been living there for two month.

(+) When they washed my drees, your father had been playing badminton.

(-) They hadn’t been living there for two month.

(-) When they washed my dress, your father hadn’t been playing badminton.

(?) Had they been living there for two month?

(?) When they washed my dress, had your father been playing badminton ?

3. Future Tense (Akan Datang)

a. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)

Rumus :

(+) : S + Will/shall + V1 + O
(-) : S + Will/shall + Not + V1 + O
(?) : Will/shall + S + V1 + O ?

Contoh :

(+) I shall visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow.

(+) He will meet his girl friend at nine o’clock.

(-) I shall not visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow.

(-) He will not meet his girl friend at seven o’clock.

(?) Shall I visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow?

(?) Will he meet his girl friend at nine o'clock?

b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)

Rumus :

(+) : S + will/shall + be + Ving + O
(-) : S + will/shall + Not + be + Ving + O
(?) : will/shall + S + be + Ving + O?

Contoh :

(+) I shall be studying if you come at seven o'clock tonight.

(+) They will be waiting you if you deliver this thing at nine o'clock tomorrow.

(-) I shall not be studying if you come at seven o'clock tonight.

(-) They will not be waiting you if you deliver this thing at nine o'clock tomorrow.

(?) Shall I be studying if you come at seven o'clock tonight?

(?) Will they be waiting you if you deliver this thing at nine o'clock tomorrow?

c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)

Rumus :

(+) : S + will/shall + have + V3 + O
(-) : S + will/shall + Not + have + V3 + O
(?) : will/shall + S + have + V3 + O?

Contoh :

(+) I shall have finished my homework at 10 o'clock tonight.

(+) She will have come there next month.

(-) I shall not have finished my homework at 10 o'clock tonight.

(-) She will have come there next month.

(?) Shall I have finished my homework at 10 o'clock tonight?

(?) Will she have come there next month?

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)

Rumus :

(+) : S + will/shall + have + been + Ving + O
(-) : S + will/shall + Not + have + been + Ving + O
(?) : will/shall + S + have + been + Ving + O?

Contoh :

(+) I will have been reading a newspaper.

(+) He will have been listening music.

(-) I will haven’t been reading a newspaper.

(-) He will haven’t listening a music.

(?) Will I have been riding a newspaper ?

(?) Will He have listening a music ?

4. Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + would/should + V1 + O
(-) : S + would/should + Not + V1 + O
(?) : would/should + S + V1 + O?

Contoh :

(+) I should come here for a lunch yesterday, but it was raining.

(+) She would pay debts two days ago, but her money was stolen.

(-) I shouldn't come here for a lunch yesterday.

(-) She wouldn't pay debts two days ago.

(?) Should I come here for a lunch yesterday?

(?) Would she pay debts two days ago?

b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + would/should + be + Ving + O
(-) : S + would/should + Not + Be + Ving + O
(?) : would/should + S + Be + Ving + O?

Contoh :

(+) I should be swimming at the following day..

(+) I should be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.

(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at the following day.

(-) I shall not be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.

(?) Shall I be swimming at the following day?

(?) Shall I be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow?

c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + would/should + Have + V3 + O
(-) : S + would/should + Not + Have + V3 + O
(?) : would/should + S + Have + V3 + O?

Contoh :

(+) He would have graduated if he had studied hard.

(+) She would have come if you had invited her.

(-) He would not have graduated if he had not studied hard.

(-) She would not have come if you had not invited her.

(?) Would he have graduated if he had studied hard.

(?) Would she have come if you had invited her.

d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense    (Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau)

Rumus :

(+) : S + would/should + Have + Been + Ving + O
(-) : S + would/should + Not + Have + Been + VIng + O
(?) : would/should + S + Have + Been + Ving + O?

Contoh :

(+) Mrs. Nurul would have been walking here for seventeen years.

(+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years.

(-) Mrs. Nurul wouldn’t have been walking here for seventeen year.

(-) Rianawati wouldn’t have been speaking English for two years.

(?) Would Mrs. Nurul have been walking here for seventeen years?

(?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?